<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html lang="zh-CN">


<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <meta name="keywords" content="STM32CubeMX  W5500 HAL">
    <meta name="description" content="嵌入式 STM32 物联网领域的教程及精彩内容分享">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no">
    <meta name="renderer" content="webkit|ie-stand|ie-comp">
    <meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
    <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no">
    <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
    <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black-translucent">
    <!-- Global site tag (gtag.js) - Google Analytics -->


    <title>STM32CubeMX | 38-使用硬件SPI驱动以太网模块（W5500） | Mculover666</title>
    <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/favicon.png">

    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/libs/awesome/css/all.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/libs/materialize/materialize.min.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/libs/aos/aos.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/libs/animate/animate.min.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/libs/lightGallery/css/lightgallery.min.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/matery.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/my.css">

    <script src="/libs/jquery/jquery.min.js"></script>

<meta name="generator" content="Hexo 5.4.0"></head>




<body>
    <header class="navbar-fixed">
    <nav id="headNav" class="bg-color nav-transparent">
        <div id="navContainer" class="nav-wrapper container">
            <div class="brand-logo">
                <a href="/" class="waves-effect waves-light">
                    
                    <img src="/medias/logo.png" class="logo-img" alt="LOGO">
                    
                    <span class="logo-span">Mculover666</span>
                </a>
            </div>
            

<a href="#" data-target="mobile-nav" class="sidenav-trigger button-collapse"><i class="fas fa-bars"></i></a>
<ul class="right nav-menu">
  
  <li class="hide-on-med-and-down nav-item">
    
    <a href="/" class="waves-effect waves-light">
      
      <i class="fas fa-home" style="zoom: 0.6;"></i>
      
      <span>首页</span>
    </a>
    
  </li>
  
  <li class="hide-on-med-and-down nav-item">
    
    <a href="" class="waves-effect waves-light">

      
      <i class="fas fa-list" style="zoom: 0.6;"></i>
      
      <span>系列教程</span>
      <i class="fas fa-chevron-down" aria-hidden="true" style="zoom: 0.6;"></i>
    </a>
    <ul class="sub-nav menus_item_child ">
      
      <li>
        <a href="/posts/578764034/">
          
          <span>STM32CubeMX</span>
        </a>
      </li>
      
    </ul>
    
  </li>
  
  <li class="hide-on-med-and-down nav-item">
    
    <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://blog.csdn.net/Mculover666" class="waves-effect waves-light">
      
      <i class="fas fa-bookmark" style="zoom: 0.6;"></i>
      
      <span>CSDN</span>
    </a>
    
  </li>
  
  <li class="hide-on-med-and-down nav-item">
    
    <a href="/download" class="waves-effect waves-light">
      
      <i class="fas fa-download" style="zoom: 0.6;"></i>
      
      <span>资源下载</span>
    </a>
    
  </li>
  
  <li>
    <a href="#searchModal" class="modal-trigger waves-effect waves-light">
      <i id="searchIcon" class="fas fa-search" title="搜索" style="zoom: 0.85;"></i>
    </a>
  </li>
</ul>


<div id="mobile-nav" class="side-nav sidenav">

    <div class="mobile-head bg-color">
        
        <img src="/medias/logo.png" class="logo-img circle responsive-img">
        
        <div class="logo-name">Mculover666</div>
        <div class="logo-desc">
            
            嵌入式 STM32 物联网领域的教程及精彩内容分享
            
        </div>
    </div>

    

    <ul class="menu-list mobile-menu-list">
        
        <li class="m-nav-item">
	  
		<a href="/" class="waves-effect waves-light">
			
			    <i class="fa-fw fas fa-home"></i>
			
			首页
		</a>
          
        </li>
        
        <li class="m-nav-item">
	  
		<a href="javascript:;">
			
				<i class="fa-fw fas fa-list"></i>
			
			系列教程
			<span class="m-icon"><i class="fas fa-chevron-right"></i></span>
		</a>
            <ul  style="background:  ;" >
              
                <li>

                  <a href="/posts/578764034/ " style="margin-left:75px">
				  
		          <span>STM32CubeMX</span>
                  </a>
                </li>
              
            </ul>
          
        </li>
        
        <li class="m-nav-item">
	  
		<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://blog.csdn.net/Mculover666" class="waves-effect waves-light">
			
			    <i class="fa-fw fas fa-bookmark"></i>
			
			CSDN
		</a>
          
        </li>
        
        <li class="m-nav-item">
	  
		<a href="/download" class="waves-effect waves-light">
			
			    <i class="fa-fw fas fa-download"></i>
			
			资源下载
		</a>
          
        </li>
        
        
        <li><div class="divider"></div></li>
        <li>
            <a href="https://github.com/blinkfox/hexo-theme-matery" class="waves-effect waves-light" target="_blank">
                <i class="fab fa-github-square fa-fw"></i>Fork Me
            </a>
        </li>
        
    </ul>
</div>


        </div>

        
            <style>
    .nav-transparent .github-corner {
        display: none !important;
    }

    .github-corner {
        position: absolute;
        z-index: 10;
        top: 0;
        right: 0;
        border: 0;
        transform: scale(1.1);
    }

    .github-corner svg {
        color: #0f9d58;
        fill: #fff;
        height: 64px;
        width: 64px;
    }

    .github-corner:hover .octo-arm {
        animation: a 0.56s ease-in-out;
    }

    .github-corner .octo-arm {
        animation: none;
    }

    @keyframes a {
        0%,
        to {
            transform: rotate(0);
        }
        20%,
        60% {
            transform: rotate(-25deg);
        }
        40%,
        80% {
            transform: rotate(10deg);
        }
    }
</style>

<a href="https://github.com/blinkfox/hexo-theme-matery" class="github-corner tooltipped hide-on-med-and-down" target="_blank"
   data-tooltip="Fork Me" data-position="left" data-delay="50">
    <svg viewBox="0 0 250 250" aria-hidden="true">
        <path d="M0,0 L115,115 L130,115 L142,142 L250,250 L250,0 Z"></path>
        <path d="M128.3,109.0 C113.8,99.7 119.0,89.6 119.0,89.6 C122.0,82.7 120.5,78.6 120.5,78.6 C119.2,72.0 123.4,76.3 123.4,76.3 C127.3,80.9 125.5,87.3 125.5,87.3 C122.9,97.6 130.6,101.9 134.4,103.2"
              fill="currentColor" style="transform-origin: 130px 106px;" class="octo-arm"></path>
        <path d="M115.0,115.0 C114.9,115.1 118.7,116.5 119.8,115.4 L133.7,101.6 C136.9,99.2 139.9,98.4 142.2,98.6 C133.8,88.0 127.5,74.4 143.8,58.0 C148.5,53.4 154.0,51.2 159.7,51.0 C160.3,49.4 163.2,43.6 171.4,40.1 C171.4,40.1 176.1,42.5 178.8,56.2 C183.1,58.6 187.2,61.8 190.9,65.4 C194.5,69.0 197.7,73.2 200.1,77.6 C213.8,80.2 216.3,84.9 216.3,84.9 C212.7,93.1 206.9,96.0 205.4,96.6 C205.1,102.4 203.0,107.8 198.3,112.5 C181.9,128.9 168.3,122.5 157.7,114.1 C157.9,116.9 156.7,120.9 152.7,124.9 L141.0,136.5 C139.8,137.7 141.6,141.9 141.8,141.8 Z"
              fill="currentColor" class="octo-body"></path>
    </svg>
</a>
        
    </nav>

</header>

    



<div class="bg-cover pd-header post-cover" style="background-image: url('/medias/featureimages/15.jpg')">
    <div class="container" style="right: 0px;left: 0px;">
        <div class="row">
            <div class="col s12 m12 l12">
                <div class="brand">
                    <h1 class="description center-align post-title">STM32CubeMX | 38-使用硬件SPI驱动以太网模块（W5500）</h1>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>




<main class="post-container content">

    
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/libs/tocbot/tocbot.css">
<style>
    #articleContent h1::before,
    #articleContent h2::before,
    #articleContent h3::before,
    #articleContent h4::before,
    #articleContent h5::before,
    #articleContent h6::before {
        display: block;
        content: " ";
        height: 100px;
        margin-top: -100px;
        visibility: hidden;
    }

    #articleContent :focus {
        outline: none;
    }

    .toc-fixed {
        position: fixed;
        top: 64px;
    }

    .toc-widget {
        width: 345px;
        padding-left: 20px;
    }

    .toc-widget .toc-title {
        padding: 35px 0 15px 17px;
        font-size: 1.5rem;
        font-weight: bold;
        line-height: 1.5rem;
    }

    .toc-widget ol {
        padding: 0;
        list-style: none;
    }

    #toc-content {
        padding-bottom: 30px;
        overflow: auto;
    }

    #toc-content ol {
        padding-left: 10px;
    }

    #toc-content ol li {
        padding-left: 10px;
    }

    #toc-content .toc-link:hover {
        color: #42b983;
        font-weight: 700;
        text-decoration: underline;
    }

    #toc-content .toc-link::before {
        background-color: transparent;
        max-height: 25px;

        position: absolute;
        right: 23.5vw;
        display: block;
    }

    #toc-content .is-active-link {
        color: #42b983;
    }

    #floating-toc-btn {
        position: fixed;
        right: 15px;
        bottom: 76px;
        padding-top: 15px;
        margin-bottom: 0;
        z-index: 998;
    }

    #floating-toc-btn .btn-floating {
        width: 48px;
        height: 48px;
    }

    #floating-toc-btn .btn-floating i {
        line-height: 48px;
        font-size: 1.4rem;
    }
</style>
<div class="row">
    <div id="main-content" class="col s12 m12 l9">
        <!-- 文章内容详情 -->
<div id="artDetail">
    <div class="card">
        <div class="card-content article-info">
            <div class="row tag-cate">
                <div class="col s7">
                    
                    <div class="article-tag">
                        
                            <a href="/tags/STM32CubeMX-W5500/">
                                <span class="chip bg-color">STM32CubeMX W5500</span>
                            </a>
                        
                    </div>
                    
                </div>
                <div class="col s5 right-align">
                    
                    <div class="post-cate">
                        <i class="fas fa-bookmark fa-fw icon-category"></i>
                        
                            <a href="/categories/STM32CubeMX/" class="post-category">
                                STM32CubeMX
                            </a>
                        
                    </div>
                    
                </div>
            </div>

            <div class="post-info">
                
                <div class="post-date info-break-policy">
                    <i class="far fa-calendar-minus fa-fw"></i>发布日期:&nbsp;&nbsp;
                    2021-06-03
                </div>
                

                

                

                

                
                    <div id="busuanzi_container_page_pv" class="info-break-policy">
                        <i class="far fa-eye fa-fw"></i>阅读次数:&nbsp;&nbsp;
                        <span id="busuanzi_value_page_pv"></span>
                    </div>
				
            </div>
        </div>
        <hr class="clearfix">

        

        

        <div class="card-content article-card-content">
            <div id="articleContent">
                <p>本篇详细的记录了如何使用STM32CubeMX配置STM32L431RCT6的硬件SPI外设与以W5500通信，驱动以太网模块。</p>
<span id="more"></span>

<h1 id="1-准备工作"><a href="#1-准备工作" class="headerlink" title="1. 准备工作"></a>1. 准备工作</h1><h2 id="硬件准备"><a href="#硬件准备" class="headerlink" title="硬件准备"></a>硬件准备</h2><ul>
<li>开发板</li>
</ul>
<p>首先需要准备一个开发板，这里我准备的是STM32L4的开发板（BearPi）：<br><img src="https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL21jdWxvdmVyNjY2LmNuL2Jsb2cvMjAxOTA5MTkvekh4NXhNWVVtU1cxLnBuZw?x-oss-process=image/format,png#pic_center"></p>
<ul>
<li>W5500以太网模块</li>
</ul>
<p>这里我使用常见的以太网模块W5500：<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210313213031548.png"></p>
<ul>
<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.iwiznet.cn/products/network-chip/w5500/#firmware">W5500官网</a></li>
<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://www.w5500.cn/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/W5500datasheet.pdf">W5500中文手册 iEthernet W5500 Datasheet</a></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="软件准备"><a href="#软件准备" class="headerlink" title="软件准备"></a>软件准备</h2><ul>
<li>需要安装好Keil - MDK及芯片对应的包，以便编译和下载生成的代码；</li>
<li>准备一个串口调试助手，这里我使用的是<code>Serial Port Utility</code>；</li>
<li>准备一个网络调试助手，这里我使用的是<code>sockettool</code>；</li>
</ul>
<h1 id="2-生成MDK工程"><a href="#2-生成MDK工程" class="headerlink" title="2.生成MDK工程"></a>2.生成MDK工程</h1><h2 id="选择芯片型号"><a href="#选择芯片型号" class="headerlink" title="选择芯片型号"></a>选择芯片型号</h2><p>打开STM32CubeMX，打开MCU选择器：<br><img src="https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL21jdWxvdmVyNjY2LmNuL2ltYWdlLzIwMTkwODA2L2dCUDZnbG1VU0g4MC5wbmc?x-oss-process=image/format,png" alt="mark"></p>
<p>搜索并选中芯片<code>STM32L431RCT6</code>:<br><img src="https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL21jdWxvdmVyNjY2LmNuL2ltYWdlLzIwMTkwODA2L2dueUh3ZGw1M3VWRC5wbmc?x-oss-process=image/format,png" alt="mark"></p>
<h2 id="配置时钟源"><a href="#配置时钟源" class="headerlink" title="配置时钟源"></a>配置时钟源</h2><ul>
<li>如果选择使用外部高速时钟（HSE），则需要在System Core中配置RCC；</li>
<li>如果使用默认内部时钟（HSI），这一步可以略过；</li>
</ul>
<p>这里我都使用外部时钟：</p>
<p><img src="https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL21jdWxvdmVyNjY2LmNuL2ltYWdlLzIwMTkwODI5L2RCRzRzNUpGb1hHTS5wbmc?x-oss-process=image/format,png" alt="mark"></p>
<h2 id="配置以太网模块控制GPIO"><a href="#配置以太网模块控制GPIO" class="headerlink" title="配置以太网模块控制GPIO"></a>配置以太网模块控制GPIO</h2><p>以太网模块需要额外配置的GPIO有两个：</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th align="center">以太网模块引脚名</th>
<th align="center">GPIO</th>
<th align="center">作用</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td align="center">RST</td>
<td align="center">PC9</td>
<td align="center">以太网模块硬复位</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">INT</td>
<td align="center">PA0</td>
<td align="center">中断引脚</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>复位引脚配置为输出模式即可：<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210312231926415.png"><br>中断引脚需要接收来自以太网模块的中断，所以需要配置EXTI外部中断引脚：<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210312232123824.png"></p>
<h2 id="配置SPI1接口"><a href="#配置SPI1接口" class="headerlink" title="配置SPI1接口"></a>配置SPI1接口</h2><p>本实验中，我将以太网模块接到了SPI1接口，引脚对应表如下：</p>
<blockquote>
<p><strong>需要注意，SPI片选引脚不通过硬件SPI外设来控制，而是配置为普通GPIO，手动控制</strong>。</p>
</blockquote>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th align="center">以太网模块引脚</th>
<th align="center">MCU引脚</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td align="center">MISO</td>
<td align="center">PA6(SPI1_MISO)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">MOSI</td>
<td align="center">PA12(SPI1_MOSI)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">SCS</td>
<td align="center">PA4(SPI1_NSS)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">SCLK</td>
<td align="center">PA1(SPI1_SCK)</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>配置SPI接口的时候有三个需要注意的点：</p>
<p>① 分频系数；<br>② CPOL：CLK空闲时候的电平为高电平或者低电平；<br>③ CPHA：在第1个时钟边缘采样，还是在第2个时钟边缘采样；</p>
<p>接下来开始配置SPI1外设，首先配置SPI1外设的模式和引脚：<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210312230737310.png"><br>因为选择了不使用硬件SPI外设控制片选引脚，所以需要手动配置片选引脚PA4：<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210312230904389.png"><br>W5500手册中给出的SPI总线时钟为80Mhz：<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210312233414823.png"><br>但是，需要注意，手册中明确注明了实际至少保证33.3Mhz，所以为了稳妥起见，<strong>本实验中配置SPI总线时钟为20Mhz</strong>：<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210312233501269.png"><br>对于CPOL，W5500两种模式都支持，选择空闲时为LOW的模式，CPHA手册中给出为第一个时钟沿：<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210312233737122.png"><br>综上所述，时序参数配置如下：<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210312233936164.png"></p>
<h2 id="配置串口"><a href="#配置串口" class="headerlink" title="配置串口"></a>配置串口</h2><p>开发板板载了一个CH340z换串口，连接到USART1。</p>
<p>接下来开始配置<code>USART1</code>：<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200726093117174.png"></p>
<h2 id="配置时钟树"><a href="#配置时钟树" class="headerlink" title="配置时钟树"></a>配置时钟树</h2><p>STM32L4的最高主频到80M，所以配置PLL，最后使<code>HCLK = 80Mhz</code>即可：<br><img src="https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL21jdWxvdmVyNjY2LmNuL2ltYWdlLzIwMTkwODA2LzFUUWc3ZnJqUnBWci5wbmc?x-oss-process=image/format,png" alt="mark"></p>
<h2 id="生成工程设置"><a href="#生成工程设置" class="headerlink" title="生成工程设置"></a>生成工程设置</h2><p><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210312231238887.png"></p>
<h2 id="代码生成设置"><a href="#代码生成设置" class="headerlink" title="代码生成设置"></a>代码生成设置</h2><p>最后设置生成独立的初始化文件：<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210312231300893.png"></p>
<h2 id="生成代码"><a href="#生成代码" class="headerlink" title="生成代码"></a>生成代码</h2><p>点击<code>GENERATE CODE</code>即可生成MDK-V5工程：<br><img src="https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL21jdWxvdmVyNjY2LmNuL2ltYWdlLzIwMTkwODA2L3MwakdoTEJXVzZDbS5wbmc?x-oss-process=image/format,png" alt="mark"></p>
<h1 id="3-重定向printf函数到USART1"><a href="#3-重定向printf函数到USART1" class="headerlink" title="3. 重定向printf函数到USART1"></a>3. 重定向printf函数到USART1</h1><p>参考：<a href="http://www.mculover666.cn/posts/2251182441/">【STM32Cube_09】重定向printf函数到串口输出的多种方法</a>。</p>
<h1 id="4-移植W5500官方驱动库"><a href="#4-移植W5500官方驱动库" class="headerlink" title="4. 移植W5500官方驱动库"></a>4. 移植W5500官方驱动库</h1><h2 id="4-1-下载官方驱动库"><a href="#4-1-下载官方驱动库" class="headerlink" title="4.1. 下载官方驱动库"></a>4.1. 下载官方驱动库</h2><p>W5500官方提供了ioLibrary v2.0.0，ioLibrary是WIZnet芯片的以太网驱动库，它包括驱动程序和应用程序协议。该驱动程序（ioLibrary）可用于WIZnet TCP / IP芯片的应用设计，如W5500，W5300，W5200，W5100 W5100S。</p>
<p>下载地址有两个：</p>
<ul>
<li>github开源仓库地址：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/Wiznet/ioLibrary_Driver">https://github.com/Wiznet/ioLibrary_Driver</a></li>
<li>gitee仓库地址（为了下载速度较快，博主同步到了gitee）：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://gitee.com/mculover666/ioLibrary_Driver">https://gitee.com/mculover666/ioLibrary_Driver</a></li>
</ul>
<p>源码目录结构如图：<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210313092810379.png#pic_center"></p>
<ul>
<li>Ethernet : 类似BSD的SOCKET API接口，以及WIZCHIP(W5500 / W5300 / W5200 / W5100 / W5100S) 驱动</li>
<li>Internet : 各种应用层协议栈<ul>
<li>DHCP client</li>
<li>DNS client</li>
<li>FTP client</li>
<li>FTP server</li>
<li>SNMP agent/trap</li>
<li>SNTP client</li>
<li>TFTP client</li>
<li>HTTP server</li>
<li>MQTT Client</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="4-2-添加驱动库到工程中"><a href="#4-2-添加驱动库到工程中" class="headerlink" title="4.2. 添加驱动库到工程中"></a>4.2. 添加驱动库到工程中</h2><p>在工程目录下新建 Hardware/W5500，将驱动库中的三个文件夹都复制过来：<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210313093446459.png"><br>注意，这其中<strong>只有Ethernet下的文件是必需的</strong>，其余两个文件夹的文件可选添加，在后面进行测试时会用到。</p>
<p>接下来将Ethernet目录下和W5500相关的文件添加到MDK工程中：<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210313093711461.png"><br>添加头文件路径：<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210313093933293.png"><br>确保C99模式开启（STM32Cubemx生成的工程中默认开启）：<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210313094115163.png"></p>
<h2 id="4-3-配置所使用的芯片型号"><a href="#4-3-配置所使用的芯片型号" class="headerlink" title="4.3. 配置所使用的芯片型号"></a>4.3. 配置所使用的芯片型号</h2><p>打开<code>wizchip_conf.h</code>文件，在最开始修改宏定义<code>_WIZCHIP_</code>，该宏定义指明了我们所用的芯片型号，设置为W5500：<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210313095022127.png"></p>
<h1 id="5-适配W5500官方驱动"><a href="#5-适配W5500官方驱动" class="headerlink" title="5. 适配W5500官方驱动"></a>5. 适配W5500官方驱动</h1><p>W5500官方驱动库中通过 _WIZCHIP 结构体中定义的一组函数指针来管理spi驱动，为了防止添加后直接报错，在 wizchip_conf.c 中提供了这些函数指针的默认实现，都为空函数，所以此时编译时不会报错。</p>
<blockquote>
<p>这两个适配文件已开源，Github地址：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/Mculover666/HAL_Driver_Lib">https://github.com/Mculover666/HAL_Driver_Lib</a>。</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="5-1-添加移植适配文件"><a href="#5-1-添加移植适配文件" class="headerlink" title="5.1. 添加移植适配文件"></a>5.1. 添加移植适配文件</h2><p>接下来我们在项目工程中，新建<code>w5500_port_hal.h</code>文件和<code>w5500_port_hal.c</code>文件来存放自己的实现，并利用驱动库提供的接口，注册到驱动库中。<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210313102745757.png#pic_center"><br>加入到MDK工程中：<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210313102918263.png"><br>添加头文件路径：<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210313103028434.png"></p>
<h2 id="5-2-编写头文件"><a href="#5-2-编写头文件" class="headerlink" title="5.2. 编写头文件"></a>5.2. 编写头文件</h2><p>编写<code>w5500_port_hal.h</code>文件：</p>
<pre><code class="c">#ifndef _W5500_PORT_HAL_
#define _W5500_PORT_HAL_

#include &quot;wizchip_conf.h&quot;
#include &quot;stm32l4xx.h&quot;
#include &lt;string.h&gt;
#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;

#define W5500_SPI_HANDLE    hspi1
#define W5500_CS_PORT       GPIOA
#define W5500_CS_PIN        GPIO_PIN_4
#define W5500_RST_PORT      GPIOC
#define W5500_RST_PIN       GPIO_PIN_9

#define DEFAULT_MAC_ADDR    &#123;0x00,0xf1,0xbe,0xc4,0xa1,0x05&#125;
#define DEFAULT_IP_ADDR     &#123;192,168,0,136&#125;
#define DEFAULT_SUB_MASK    &#123;255,255,255,0&#125;
#define DEFAULT_GW_ADDR     &#123;192,168,0,1&#125;
#define DEFAULT_DNS_ADDR    &#123;8,8,8,8&#125;

/* 定义该宏则表示使用自动协商模式，取消则设置为100M全双工模式 */
#define USE_AUTONEGO

/* 定义该宏则表示在初始化网络信息时设置DHCP */
//#define USE_DHCP

extern SPI_HandleTypeDef W5500_SPI_HANDLE;

void w5500_network_info_show(void);
int w5500_init(void);

#endif
</code></pre>
<h2 id="5-3-编写c文件"><a href="#5-3-编写c文件" class="headerlink" title="5.3. 编写c文件"></a>5.3. 编写c文件</h2><p>首先包含头文件：</p>
<pre><code class="c">#include &quot;w5500_port_hal.h&quot;
</code></pre>
<h3 id="5-3-1-SPI驱动接口实现"><a href="#5-3-1-SPI驱动接口实现" class="headerlink" title="5.3.1. SPI驱动接口实现"></a>5.3.1. SPI驱动接口实现</h3><p>接着用HAL库实现W5500驱动所需要的8个SPI函数指针的具体函数：</p>
<pre><code class="c">/**
 * @brief   enter critical section
 * @param   none
 * @return  none
 */
static void w5500_cris_enter(void)
&#123;
    __set_PRIMASK(1);
&#125;

/**
 * @brief   exit critical section
 * @param   none
 * @return  none
 */
static void w5500_cris_exit(void)
&#123;
    __set_PRIMASK(0);
&#125;

/**
 * @brief   select chip
 * @param   none
 * @return  none
 */
static void w5500_cs_select(void)
&#123;
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(W5500_CS_PORT, W5500_CS_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
&#125;

/**
 * @brief   deselect chip
 * @param   none
 * @return  none
 */
static void w5500_cs_deselect(void)
&#123;
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(W5500_CS_PORT, W5500_CS_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET);
&#125;

/**
 * @brief   read byte in SPI interface
 * @param   none
 * @return  the value of the byte read
 */
static uint8_t w5500_spi_readbyte(void)
&#123;
    uint8_t value;
    
    if (HAL_SPI_Receive(&amp;W5500_SPI_HANDLE, &amp;value, 1, 1000) != HAL_OK) &#123;
        value = 0;
    &#125;
    
    return value;
&#125;

/**
 * @brief   write byte in SPI interface
 * @param   wb  the value to write
 * @return  none
 */
static void w5500_spi_writebyte(uint8_t wb)
&#123;
    HAL_SPI_Transmit(&amp;W5500_SPI_HANDLE, &amp;wb, 1, 1000);
&#125;

/**
 * @brief   burst read byte in SPI interface
 * @param   pBuf    pointer of data buf
 * @param   len     number of bytes to read
 * @return  none
 */
static void w5500_spi_readburst(uint8_t* pBuf, uint16_t len)
&#123;
    if (!pBuf) &#123;
        return;
    &#125;
    
    HAL_SPI_Receive(&amp;W5500_SPI_HANDLE, pBuf, len, 1000);
&#125;

/**
 * @brief   burst write byte in SPI interface
 * @param   pBuf    pointer of data buf
 * @param   len     number of bytes to write
 * @return  none
 */
static void w5500_spi_writeburst(uint8_t* pBuf, uint16_t len)
&#123;
    if (!pBuf) &#123;
        return;
    &#125;
    
    HAL_SPI_Transmit(&amp;W5500_SPI_HANDLE, pBuf, len, 1000);
&#125;

/**
 * @brief   hard reset
 * @param   none
 * @return  none
 */
static void w5500_hard_reset(void)
&#123;
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(W5500_RST_PORT, W5500_RST_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
    HAL_Delay(50);
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(W5500_RST_PORT, W5500_RST_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET);
    HAL_Delay(10);
&#125;
</code></pre>
<h3 id="5-3-2-芯片操作实现"><a href="#5-3-2-芯片操作实现" class="headerlink" title="5.3.2. 芯片操作实现"></a>5.3.2. 芯片操作实现</h3><p>基于官方驱动库编写芯片初始化函数，并设置socket的发送和接收缓冲大小（默认2KB）：</p>
<pre><code class="c">/**
 * @brief   Initializes WIZCHIP with socket buffer size
 * @param   none
 * @return  errcode
 * @retval  0   success
 * @retval  -1  fail
 */
static int w5500_chip_init(void)
&#123;
    /* default size is 2KB */
    
    return wizchip_init(NULL, NULL);
&#125;
</code></pre>
<p>再编写硬件PHY配置函数，比如工作模式、速率，以及是否协商等配置：</p>
<blockquote>
<p>自动协商功能需要在上电前连接好网线至路由器，手动配置模式不需要。</p>
</blockquote>
<pre><code class="c">/**
 * @brief   set phy config if autonego is disable
 * @param   none
 * @return  none
 */
static void w5500_phy_init(void)
&#123;
#ifdef USE_AUTONEGO
    // no thing to do
#else
    wiz_PhyConf conf;
    
    conf.by = PHY_CONFBY_SW;
    conf.mode = PHY_MODE_MANUAL;
    conf.speed = PHY_SPEED_100;
    conf.duplex = PHY_DUPLEX_FULL;
    
    wizphy_setphyconf(&amp;conf);
#endif
&#125;
</code></pre>
<p>再编写配置和打印网络信息函数：</p>
<pre><code class="c">/**
 * @brief   initializes the network infomation
 * @param   none
 * @return  none
 */
static void w5500_network_info_init(void)
&#123;
    wiz_NetInfo info;
    
    uint8_t mac[6] = DEFAULT_MAC_ADDR;
    uint8_t ip[4] = DEFAULT_IP_ADDR;
    uint8_t sn[4] = DEFAULT_SUB_MASK;
    uint8_t gw[4] = DEFAULT_GW_ADDR;
    uint8_t dns[4] = DEFAULT_DNS_ADDR;
    
    memcpy(info.mac, mac, 6);
    memcpy(info.ip, ip, 4);
    memcpy(info.sn, sn, 4);
    memcpy(info.gw, gw, 4);
    memcpy(info.dns, dns, 4);
    
#ifdef USE_DHCP
    info.dhcp = NETINFO_DHCP;
#else
    info.dhcp = NETINFO_STATIC;
#endif
    
    wizchip_setnetinfo(&amp;info);
&#125;

/**
 * @brief   read and show the network infomation
 * @param   none
 * @return  none
 */
void w5500_network_info_show(void)
&#123;
    wiz_NetInfo info;
    
    wizchip_getnetinfo(&amp;info);
    
    printf(&quot;w5500 network infomation:\r\n&quot;);
    printf(&quot;  -mac:%d:%d:%d:%d:%d:%d\r\n&quot;, info.mac[0], info.mac[1], info.mac[2], 
            info.mac[3], info.mac[4], info.mac[5]);
    printf(&quot;  -ip:%d.%d.%d.%d\r\n&quot;, info.ip[0], info.ip[1], info.ip[2], info.ip[3]);
    printf(&quot;  -sn:%d.%d.%d.%d\r\n&quot;, info.sn[0], info.sn[1], info.sn[2], info.sn[3]);
    printf(&quot;  -gw:%d.%d.%d.%d\r\n&quot;, info.gw[0], info.gw[1], info.gw[2], info.gw[3]);
    printf(&quot;  -dns:%d.%d.%d.%d\r\n&quot;, info.dns[0], info.dns[1], info.dns[2], info.dns[3]);
    
    if (info.dhcp == NETINFO_DHCP) &#123;
        printf(&quot;  -dhcp_mode: dhcp\r\n&quot;);
    &#125; else &#123;
        printf(&quot;  -dhcp_mode: static\r\n&quot;);
    &#125;
&#125;
</code></pre>
<p>最后编写w5500初始化函数：</p>
<pre><code class="c">/**
 * @brief   w5500 init
 * @param   none
 * @return  errcode
 * @retval  0   success
 * @retval  -1  chip init fail
 */
int w5500_init(void)
&#123;
    /* W5500 hard reset */
    w5500_hard_reset();
    
    /* Register spi driver function */
    reg_wizchip_cris_cbfunc(w5500_cris_enter, w5500_cris_exit);
    reg_wizchip_cs_cbfunc(w5500_cs_select, w5500_cs_deselect);
    reg_wizchip_spi_cbfunc(w5500_spi_readbyte, w5500_spi_writebyte);
    reg_wizchip_spiburst_cbfunc(w5500_spi_readburst, w5500_spi_writeburst);

    /* socket buffer size init */
    if (w5500_chip_init() != 0) &#123;
        return -1;
    &#125;
    
    /* phy init */
    w5500_phy_init();
    
    /* network infomation init */
    w5500_network_info_init();
    
    /* show network infomation */
    w5500_network_info_show();
    
    return 0;
&#125;
</code></pre>
<h3 id="5-3-测试W5500初始化"><a href="#5-3-测试W5500初始化" class="headerlink" title="5.3. 测试W5500初始化"></a>5.3. 测试W5500初始化</h3><p>在main.c中包含头文件：</p>
<pre><code class="c">#include &quot;w5500_port_hal.h&quot;
</code></pre>
<p>在main函数中测试初始化函数：</p>
<pre><code class="c">/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
 printf(&quot;W5500 test on BearPi board by Mculover666\r\n&quot;);
 
 int ret;
 ret = w5500_init();
 if (ret != 0) &#123;
   printf(&quot;w5500 init fail, ret is %d\r\n&quot;, ret);
 &#125; else &#123;
   printf(&quot;w5500 init success\r\n&quot;);
 &#125;

 /* USER CODE END 2 */
</code></pre>
<p>编译，下载，暂不运行。</p>
<p>因为使用的是自动协商模式，确保W5500网线连接至路由器，然后上电运行，串口日志如下：<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210313212712514.png"><br>确保windows主机和开发板连接至同一个路由器（或者同一网段之下），ping一下开发板测试：<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210313212736834.png"></p>
<h1 id="6-W5500的Socket测试"><a href="#6-W5500的Socket测试" class="headerlink" title="6. W5500的Socket测试"></a>6. W5500的Socket测试</h1><p>W5500官方驱动库中实现了标准Socket API，在socket.h和socket.c中，可以直接调用编写TCP或者UDP测试程序。</p>
<p>W5500官方驱动库中也提供了一个Socket的使用案例，其中包括TCP服务端、TCP客户端、UDP服务端的回环测试，在application/loopback文件夹中：<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210314111032786.png"><br>本文接下来将进行TCP客户端的回环测试。</p>
<h2 id="6-1-开启TCP服务器"><a href="#6-1-开启TCP服务器" class="headerlink" title="6.1. 开启TCP服务器"></a>6.1. 开启TCP服务器</h2><p>在电脑上开启网络调试助手，建立一个TCP server，监听本机8000端口：<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210314111325443.png"></p>
<h2 id="6-2-添加loopback测试文件"><a href="#6-2-添加loopback测试文件" class="headerlink" title="6.2. 添加loopback测试文件"></a>6.2. 添加loopback测试文件</h2><p>在MDK中添加c文件：<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2021031411465132.png"><br>添加头文件路径：<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210314114710807.png"></p>
<h2 id="6-3-调用loopback测试函数"><a href="#6-3-调用loopback测试函数" class="headerlink" title="6.3. 调用loopback测试函数"></a>6.3. 调用loopback测试函数</h2><p>在main函数的开始创建变量：</p>
<pre><code class="c">/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
int ret;
uint8_t destip[4] = &#123;192, 168, 0, 100&#125;;
uint16_t destport = 8000;
/* USER CODE END 1 */
</code></pre>
<p>然后在while循环中调用：</p>
<pre><code class="c">/* Infinite loop */
/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
while (1)
&#123;
  /* USER CODE END WHILE */

  /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
  ret = loopback_tcpc(0, buffer, destip, destport);
  if (ret != 1) &#123;
      printf(&quot;loopback_tcpc err is %d\r\n&quot;, ret);
  &#125;
&#125;
/* USER CODE END 3 */
</code></pre>
<h2 id="6-4-测试结果"><a href="#6-4-测试结果" class="headerlink" title="6.4. 测试结果"></a>6.4. 测试结果</h2><p>编译、下载到开发板中运行，串口日志如下：<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210314114940124.png"><br>在网络调试助手向开发板发送消息，会收到开发板发回的消息：<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210314115014750.png"></p>
<blockquote>
<p>若开发板提示连接超时，无法连接TCP服务器，应当检查是否关闭windows网络防火墙。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong><font color="#FF0000">更多精彩文章及资源，请关注我的微信公众号：『mculover666』。</font></strong></p>
<p><img src="https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cDovL21jdWxvdmVyNjY2LmNuL2ltYWdlLzIwMTkwODE0L05RcXQxZVJ4cmwxSy5wbmc?x-oss-process=image/format,png" alt="mark"></p>

                
            </div>
            <hr/>

            

    <div class="reprint" id="reprint-statement">
        
            <div class="reprint__author">
                <span class="reprint-meta" style="font-weight: bold;">
                    <i class="fas fa-user">
                        文章作者:
                    </i>
                </span>
                <span class="reprint-info">
                    <a href="/about" rel="external nofollow noreferrer">Mculover666</a>
                </span>
            </div>
            <div class="reprint__type">
                <span class="reprint-meta" style="font-weight: bold;">
                    <i class="fas fa-link">
                        文章链接:
                    </i>
                </span>
                <span class="reprint-info">
                    <a href="http://www.mculover666.cn/posts/2656092005/">http://www.mculover666.cn/posts/2656092005/</a>
                </span>
            </div>
            <div class="reprint__notice">
                <span class="reprint-meta" style="font-weight: bold;">
                    <i class="fas fa-copyright">
                        版权声明:
                    </i>
                </span>
                <span class="reprint-info">
                    本博客所有文章除特別声明外，均采用
                    <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.zh" rel="external nofollow noreferrer" target="_blank">CC BY 4.0</a>
                    许可协议。转载请注明来源
                    <a href="/about" target="_blank">Mculover666</a>
                    !
                </span>
            </div>
        
    </div>

    <script async defer>
      document.addEventListener("copy", function (e) {
        let toastHTML = '<span>复制成功，请遵循本文的转载规则</span><button class="btn-flat toast-action" onclick="navToReprintStatement()" style="font-size: smaller">查看</a>';
        M.toast({html: toastHTML})
      });

      function navToReprintStatement() {
        $("html, body").animate({scrollTop: $("#reprint-statement").offset().top - 80}, 800);
      }
    </script>



            <div class="tag_share" style="display: block;">
                <div class="post-meta__tag-list" style="display: inline-block;">
                    
                        <div class="article-tag">
                            
                                <a href="/tags/STM32CubeMX-W5500/">
                                    <span class="chip bg-color">STM32CubeMX W5500</span>
                                </a>
                            
                        </div>
                    
                </div>
                <div class="post_share" style="zoom: 80%; width: fit-content; display: inline-block; float: right; margin: -0.15rem 0;">
                    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/libs/share/css/share.min.css">
<div id="article-share">

    
    <div class="social-share" data-sites="twitter,facebook,google,qq,qzone,wechat,weibo,douban,linkedin" data-wechat-qrcode-helper="<p>微信扫一扫即可分享！</p>"></div>
    <script src="/libs/share/js/social-share.min.js"></script>
    

    

</div>

                </div>
            </div>
            
                <style>
    #reward {
        margin: 40px 0;
        text-align: center;
    }

    #reward .reward-link {
        font-size: 1.4rem;
        line-height: 38px;
    }

    #reward .btn-floating:hover {
        box-shadow: 0 6px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    }

    #rewardModal {
        width: 320px;
        height: 350px;
    }

    #rewardModal .reward-title {
        margin: 15px auto;
        padding-bottom: 5px;
    }

    #rewardModal .modal-content {
        padding: 10px;
    }

    #rewardModal .close {
        position: absolute;
        right: 15px;
        top: 15px;
        color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
        font-size: 1.3rem;
        line-height: 20px;
        cursor: pointer;
    }

    #rewardModal .close:hover {
        color: #ef5350;
        transform: scale(1.3);
        -moz-transform:scale(1.3);
        -webkit-transform:scale(1.3);
        -o-transform:scale(1.3);
    }

    #rewardModal .reward-tabs {
        margin: 0 auto;
        width: 210px;
    }

    .reward-tabs .tabs {
        height: 38px;
        margin: 10px auto;
        padding-left: 0;
    }

    .reward-content ul {
        padding-left: 0 !important;
    }

    .reward-tabs .tabs .tab {
        height: 38px;
        line-height: 38px;
    }

    .reward-tabs .tab a {
        color: #fff;
        background-color: #ccc;
    }

    .reward-tabs .tab a:hover {
        background-color: #ccc;
        color: #fff;
    }

    .reward-tabs .wechat-tab .active {
        color: #fff !important;
        background-color: #22AB38 !important;
    }

    .reward-tabs .alipay-tab .active {
        color: #fff !important;
        background-color: #019FE8 !important;
    }

    .reward-tabs .reward-img {
        width: 210px;
        height: 210px;
    }
</style>

<div id="reward">
    <a href="#rewardModal" class="reward-link modal-trigger btn-floating btn-medium waves-effect waves-light red">赏</a>

    <!-- Modal Structure -->
    <div id="rewardModal" class="modal">
        <div class="modal-content">
            <a class="close modal-close"><i class="fas fa-times"></i></a>
            <h4 class="reward-title">你的赏识是我前进的动力</h4>
            <div class="reward-content">
                <div class="reward-tabs">
                    <ul class="tabs row">
                        <li class="tab col s6 alipay-tab waves-effect waves-light"><a href="#alipay">支付宝</a></li>
                        <li class="tab col s6 wechat-tab waves-effect waves-light"><a href="#wechat">微 信</a></li>
                    </ul>
                    <div id="alipay">
                        <img src="/medias/reward/alipay.png" class="reward-img" alt="支付宝打赏二维码">
                    </div>
                    <div id="wechat">
                        <img src="/medias/reward/we-chat.png" class="reward-img" alt="微信打赏二维码">
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

<script>
    $(function () {
        $('.tabs').tabs();
    });
</script>

            
        </div>
    </div>

    

    

    

    
    <div class="livere-card card" data-aos="fade-up">
    <!-- 来必力City版安装代码 -->
    <div id="lv-container" class="card-content" data-id="city" data-uid="MTAyMC80Njg0OS8yMzM1MA">
        <script type="text/javascript">
            (function (d, s) {
                let j, e = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];
                if (typeof LivereTower === 'function') {
                    return;
                }

                j = d.createElement(s);
                j.src = 'https://cdn-city.livere.com/js/embed.dist.js';
                j.async = true;

                e.parentNode.insertBefore(j, e);
            })(document, 'script');
        </script>
        <noscript>为正常使用来必力评论功能请激活JavaScript。</noscript>
    </div>
    <!-- City版安装代码已完成 -->
</div>
    

    

    

    

    

    

<article id="prenext-posts" class="prev-next articles">
    <div class="row article-row">
        
        <div class="article col s12 m6" data-aos="fade-up">
            <div class="article-badge left-badge text-color">
                <i class="fas fa-chevron-left"></i>&nbsp;上一篇</div>
            <div class="card">
                <a href="/posts/200660626/">
                    <div class="card-image">
                        
                        
                        <img src="/medias/featureimages/3.jpg" class="responsive-img" alt="STM32CubeMX | 39-使用硬件定时器获取超声波模块数据（HC-SR04）">
                        
                        <span class="card-title">STM32CubeMX | 39-使用硬件定时器获取超声波模块数据（HC-SR04）</span>
                    </div>
                </a>
                <div class="card-content article-content">
                    <div class="summary block-with-text">
                        
                            本篇详细的记录了如何使用STM32CubeMX配置STM32L431RCT6的通用定时器外设，捕获超声波模块的距离信号。
                        
                    </div>
                    <div class="publish-info">
                        <span class="publish-date">
                            <i class="far fa-clock fa-fw icon-date"></i>2021-06-04
                        </span>
                        <span class="publish-author">
                            
                            <i class="fas fa-bookmark fa-fw icon-category"></i>
                            
                            <a href="/categories/STM32CubeMX/" class="post-category">
                                    STM32CubeMX
                                </a>
                            
                            
                        </span>
                    </div>
                </div>
                
                <div class="card-action article-tags">
                    
                    <a href="/tags/STM32CubeMX-HC-SR04/">
                        <span class="chip bg-color">STM32CubeMX HC-SR04</span>
                    </a>
                    
                </div>
                
            </div>
        </div>
        
        
        <div class="article col s12 m6" data-aos="fade-up">
            <div class="article-badge right-badge text-color">
                下一篇&nbsp;<i class="fas fa-chevron-right"></i>
            </div>
            <div class="card">
                <a href="/posts/909631466/">
                    <div class="card-image">
                        
                        
                        <img src="/medias/featureimages/4.jpg" class="responsive-img" alt="STM32CubeMX | 37-使用RS485总线进行双板通信（SP3485）">
                        
                        <span class="card-title">STM32CubeMX | 37-使用RS485总线进行双板通信（SP3485）</span>
                    </div>
                </a>
                <div class="card-content article-content">
                    <div class="summary block-with-text">
                        
                            本篇详细的记录了如何使用STM32CubeMX配置 STM32F407ZGT6 使用 RS485 总线与另一个开发板之间通信。
                        
                    </div>
                    <div class="publish-info">
                            <span class="publish-date">
                                <i class="far fa-clock fa-fw icon-date"></i>2021-06-02
                            </span>
                        <span class="publish-author">
                            
                            <i class="fas fa-bookmark fa-fw icon-category"></i>
                            
                            <a href="/categories/STM32CubeMX/" class="post-category">
                                    STM32CubeMX
                                </a>
                            
                            
                        </span>
                    </div>
                </div>
                
                <div class="card-action article-tags">
                    
                    <a href="/tags/STM32CubeMX-SP3485/">
                        <span class="chip bg-color">STM32CubeMX SP3485</span>
                    </a>
                    
                </div>
                
            </div>
        </div>
        
    </div>
</article>

</div>



<!-- 代码块功能依赖 -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="/libs/codeBlock/codeBlockFuction.js"></script>

<!-- 代码语言 -->

<script type="text/javascript" src="/libs/codeBlock/codeLang.js"></script>


<!-- 代码块复制 -->

<script type="text/javascript" src="/libs/codeBlock/codeCopy.js"></script>


<!-- 代码块收缩 -->

<script type="text/javascript" src="/libs/codeBlock/codeShrink.js"></script>


    </div>
    <div id="toc-aside" class="expanded col l3 hide-on-med-and-down">
        <div class="toc-widget card" style="background-color: white;">
            <div class="toc-title"><i class="far fa-list-alt"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;目录</div>
            <div id="toc-content"></div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

<!-- TOC 悬浮按钮. -->

<div id="floating-toc-btn" class="hide-on-med-and-down">
    <a class="btn-floating btn-large bg-color">
        <i class="fas fa-list-ul"></i>
    </a>
</div>


<script src="/libs/tocbot/tocbot.min.js"></script>
<script>
    $(function () {
        tocbot.init({
            tocSelector: '#toc-content',
            contentSelector: '#articleContent',
            headingsOffset: -($(window).height() * 0.4 - 45),
            collapseDepth: Number('0'),
            headingSelector: 'h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6'
        });

        // modify the toc link href to support Chinese.
        let i = 0;
        let tocHeading = 'toc-heading-';
        $('#toc-content a').each(function () {
            $(this).attr('href', '#' + tocHeading + (++i));
        });

        // modify the heading title id to support Chinese.
        i = 0;
        $('#articleContent').children('h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6').each(function () {
            $(this).attr('id', tocHeading + (++i));
        });

        // Set scroll toc fixed.
        let tocHeight = parseInt($(window).height() * 0.4 - 64);
        let $tocWidget = $('.toc-widget');
        $(window).scroll(function () {
            let scroll = $(window).scrollTop();
            /* add post toc fixed. */
            if (scroll > tocHeight) {
                $tocWidget.addClass('toc-fixed');
            } else {
                $tocWidget.removeClass('toc-fixed');
            }
        });

        
        /* 修复文章卡片 div 的宽度. */
        let fixPostCardWidth = function (srcId, targetId) {
            let srcDiv = $('#' + srcId);
            if (srcDiv.length === 0) {
                return;
            }

            let w = srcDiv.width();
            if (w >= 450) {
                w = w + 21;
            } else if (w >= 350 && w < 450) {
                w = w + 18;
            } else if (w >= 300 && w < 350) {
                w = w + 16;
            } else {
                w = w + 14;
            }
            $('#' + targetId).width(w);
        };

        // 切换TOC目录展开收缩的相关操作.
        const expandedClass = 'expanded';
        let $tocAside = $('#toc-aside');
        let $mainContent = $('#main-content');
        $('#floating-toc-btn .btn-floating').click(function () {
            if ($tocAside.hasClass(expandedClass)) {
                $tocAside.removeClass(expandedClass).hide();
                $mainContent.removeClass('l9');
            } else {
                $tocAside.addClass(expandedClass).show();
                $mainContent.addClass('l9');
            }
            fixPostCardWidth('artDetail', 'prenext-posts');
        });
        
    });
</script>

    

</main>




    <footer class="page-footer bg-color">
    
    <div class="container row center-align" style="margin-bottom: 15px !important;">
        <div class="col s12 m8 l8 copy-right">
            Copyright&nbsp;&copy;
            
                <span id="year">2016-2021</span>
            
            <span id="year">2016</span>
            <a href="/about" target="_blank">Mculover666</a>
            |&nbsp;Powered by&nbsp;<a href="https://hexo.io/" target="_blank">Hexo</a>
            |&nbsp;Theme&nbsp;<a href="https://github.com/blinkfox/hexo-theme-matery" target="_blank">Matery</a>
            <br>
            
            &nbsp;<i class="fas fa-chart-area"></i>&nbsp;站点总字数:&nbsp;<span
                class="white-color">118.4k</span>&nbsp;字
            
            
            
            
            
            
            <span id="busuanzi_container_site_pv">
                |&nbsp;<i class="far fa-eye"></i>&nbsp;总访问量:&nbsp;<span id="busuanzi_value_site_pv"
                    class="white-color"></span>&nbsp;次
            </span>
            
            
            <span id="busuanzi_container_site_uv">
                |&nbsp;<i class="fas fa-users"></i>&nbsp;总访问人数:&nbsp;<span id="busuanzi_value_site_uv"
                    class="white-color"></span>&nbsp;人
            </span>
            
            <br>
            
            <span id="sitetime">载入运行时间...</span>
            <script>
                function siteTime() {
                    var seconds = 1000;
                    var minutes = seconds * 60;
                    var hours = minutes * 60;
                    var days = hours * 24;
                    var years = days * 365;
                    var today = new Date();
                    var startYear = "2016";
                    var startMonth = "8";
                    var startDate = "28";
                    var startHour = "0";
                    var startMinute = "0";
                    var startSecond = "0";
                    var todayYear = today.getFullYear();
                    var todayMonth = today.getMonth() + 1;
                    var todayDate = today.getDate();
                    var todayHour = today.getHours();
                    var todayMinute = today.getMinutes();
                    var todaySecond = today.getSeconds();
                    var t1 = Date.UTC(startYear, startMonth, startDate, startHour, startMinute, startSecond);
                    var t2 = Date.UTC(todayYear, todayMonth, todayDate, todayHour, todayMinute, todaySecond);
                    var diff = t2 - t1;
                    var diffYears = Math.floor(diff / years);
                    var diffDays = Math.floor((diff / days) - diffYears * 365);
                    var diffHours = Math.floor((diff - (diffYears * 365 + diffDays) * days) / hours);
                    var diffMinutes = Math.floor((diff - (diffYears * 365 + diffDays) * days - diffHours * hours) /
                        minutes);
                    var diffSeconds = Math.floor((diff - (diffYears * 365 + diffDays) * days - diffHours * hours -
                        diffMinutes * minutes) / seconds);
                    if (startYear == todayYear) {
                        document.getElementById("year").innerHTML = todayYear;
                        document.getElementById("sitetime").innerHTML = "本站已安全运行 " + diffDays + " 天 " + diffHours +
                            " 小时 " + diffMinutes + " 分钟 " + diffSeconds + " 秒";
                    } else {
                        document.getElementById("year").innerHTML = startYear + " - " + todayYear;
                        document.getElementById("sitetime").innerHTML = "本站已安全运行 " + diffYears + " 年 " + diffDays +
                            " 天 " + diffHours + " 小时 " + diffMinutes + " 分钟 " + diffSeconds + " 秒";
                    }
                }
                setInterval(siteTime, 1000);
            </script>
            
            <br>
            
            <span id="icp"><img src="/medias/icp.png" style="vertical-align: text-bottom;" />
                <a href="https://beian.miit.gov.cn" target="_blank">陇ICP备19002222号</a>
            </span>
            
        </div>
        <div class="col s12 m4 l4 social-link social-statis">
    <a href="https://github.com/Mculover666" class="tooltipped" target="_blank" data-tooltip="访问我的GitHub" data-position="top" data-delay="50">
        <i class="fab fa-github"></i>
    </a>



    <a href="mailto:mculover666@foxmail.com" class="tooltipped" target="_blank" data-tooltip="邮件联系我" data-position="top" data-delay="50">
        <i class="fas fa-envelope-open"></i>
    </a>







    <a href="tencent://AddContact/?fromId=50&fromSubId=1&subcmd=all&uin=2412828003" class="tooltipped" target="_blank" data-tooltip="QQ联系我: 2412828003" data-position="top" data-delay="50">
        <i class="fab fa-qq"></i>
    </a>





    <a href="https://www.zhihu.com/people/wang-shi-wei-67-38/activities" class="tooltipped" target="_blank" data-tooltip="关注我的知乎: https://www.zhihu.com/people/wang-shi-wei-67-38/activities" data-position="top" data-delay="50">
        <i class="fab fa-zhihu1">知</i>
    </a>



    <a href="/atom.xml" class="tooltipped" target="_blank" data-tooltip="RSS 订阅" data-position="top" data-delay="50">
        <i class="fas fa-rss"></i>
    </a>

</div>
    </div>
</footer>

<div class="progress-bar"></div>


    <!-- 搜索遮罩框 -->
<div id="searchModal" class="modal">
    <div class="modal-content">
        <div class="search-header">
            <span class="title"><i class="fas fa-search"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;搜索</span>
            <input type="search" id="searchInput" name="s" placeholder="请输入搜索的关键字"
                   class="search-input">
        </div>
        <div id="searchResult"></div>
    </div>
</div>

<script type="text/javascript">
$(function () {
    var searchFunc = function (path, search_id, content_id) {
        'use strict';
        $.ajax({
            url: path,
            dataType: "xml",
            success: function (xmlResponse) {
                // get the contents from search data
                var datas = $("entry", xmlResponse).map(function () {
                    return {
                        title: $("title", this).text(),
                        content: $("content", this).text(),
                        url: $("url", this).text()
                    };
                }).get();
                var $input = document.getElementById(search_id);
                var $resultContent = document.getElementById(content_id);
                $input.addEventListener('input', function () {
                    var str = '<ul class=\"search-result-list\">';
                    var keywords = this.value.trim().toLowerCase().split(/[\s\-]+/);
                    $resultContent.innerHTML = "";
                    if (this.value.trim().length <= 0) {
                        return;
                    }
                    // perform local searching
                    datas.forEach(function (data) {
                        var isMatch = true;
                        var data_title = data.title.trim().toLowerCase();
                        var data_content = data.content.trim().replace(/<[^>]+>/g, "").toLowerCase();
                        var data_url = data.url;
                        data_url = data_url.indexOf('/') === 0 ? data.url : '/' + data_url;
                        var index_title = -1;
                        var index_content = -1;
                        var first_occur = -1;
                        // only match artiles with not empty titles and contents
                        if (data_title !== '' && data_content !== '') {
                            keywords.forEach(function (keyword, i) {
                                index_title = data_title.indexOf(keyword);
                                index_content = data_content.indexOf(keyword);
                                if (index_title < 0 && index_content < 0) {
                                    isMatch = false;
                                } else {
                                    if (index_content < 0) {
                                        index_content = 0;
                                    }
                                    if (i === 0) {
                                        first_occur = index_content;
                                    }
                                }
                            });
                        }
                        // show search results
                        if (isMatch) {
                            str += "<li><a href='" + data_url + "' class='search-result-title'>" + data_title + "</a>";
                            var content = data.content.trim().replace(/<[^>]+>/g, "");
                            if (first_occur >= 0) {
                                // cut out 100 characters
                                var start = first_occur - 20;
                                var end = first_occur + 80;
                                if (start < 0) {
                                    start = 0;
                                }
                                if (start === 0) {
                                    end = 100;
                                }
                                if (end > content.length) {
                                    end = content.length;
                                }
                                var match_content = content.substr(start, end);
                                // highlight all keywords
                                keywords.forEach(function (keyword) {
                                    var regS = new RegExp(keyword, "gi");
                                    match_content = match_content.replace(regS, "<em class=\"search-keyword\">" + keyword + "</em>");
                                });

                                str += "<p class=\"search-result\">" + match_content + "...</p>"
                            }
                            str += "</li>";
                        }
                    });
                    str += "</ul>";
                    $resultContent.innerHTML = str;
                });
            }
        });
    };

    searchFunc('/search.xml', 'searchInput', 'searchResult');
});
</script>

    <!-- 回到顶部按钮 -->
<div id="backTop" class="top-scroll">
    <a class="btn-floating btn-large waves-effect waves-light" href="#!">
        <i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i>
    </a>
</div>


    <script src="/libs/materialize/materialize.min.js"></script>
    <script src="/libs/masonry/masonry.pkgd.min.js"></script>
    <script src="/libs/aos/aos.js"></script>
    <script src="/libs/scrollprogress/scrollProgress.min.js"></script>
    <script src="/libs/lightGallery/js/lightgallery-all.min.js"></script>
    <script src="/js/matery.js"></script>

    <!-- Baidu Analytics -->

<script>
    var _hmt = _hmt || [];
    (function () {
        var hm = document.createElement("script");
        hm.src = "https://hm.baidu.com/hm.js?6e1efa0988723a1db6356535db2ae6bd";
        var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];
        s.parentNode.insertBefore(hm, s);
    })();
</script>

    <!-- Baidu Push -->

<script>
    (function () {
        var bp = document.createElement('script');
        var curProtocol = window.location.protocol.split(':')[0];
        if (curProtocol === 'https') {
            bp.src = 'https://zz.bdstatic.com/linksubmit/push.js';
        } else {
            bp.src = 'http://push.zhanzhang.baidu.com/push.js';
        }
        var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];
        s.parentNode.insertBefore(bp, s);
    })();
</script>

    
    <script src="/libs/others/clicklove.js" async="async"></script>
    
    
    <script async src="/libs/others/busuanzi.pure.mini.js"></script>
    

    

    

    <!--腾讯兔小巢-->
    
    

    

    

    
    <script src="/libs/instantpage/instantpage.js" type="module"></script>
    

</body>

</html>
